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Making scientific publishing easier around the world
MIT alumnus-founded PoolText offers a platform for researchers and journal editors to improve the efficiency of submitting and publishing scientific papers. If you've been at MIT long enough, you've probably heard grumblings about peer-reviewed journals that are slow or uncooperative. But those problems are trivial compared to the challenges faced by researchers in other parts of the world.
MIT alumnus-founded PoolText offers a platform for researchers and journal editors to improve the efficiency of submitting and publishing scientific papers. If you've been at MIT long enough, you've probably heard grumblings about peer-reviewed journals that are slow or uncooperative. But those problems are trivial compared to the challenges faced by researchers in other parts of the world.
UCLA-led research on deer and elk could point the way toward crossing structures that are more effective for all species UCLA-led research on deer and elk could point the way toward crossing structures that are more effective for all species In recent years, humans have built wildlife crossings in high-traffic areas to prevent road accidents and give animals access to expanded habitats for mating and resources.
Journal editors, reviewers don’t show bias against novelty
Scientific journals are likely to accept papers that provide new findings compared with studies reporting conventional results, which is contrary to long-standing concerns about publication biases. Using peer-reviewed data from 49 journals in the life and physical sciences, a new University of Michigan study found that evaluators are not biased against novelty, as scholars have suggested for decades.
Scientific journals are likely to accept papers that provide new findings compared with studies reporting conventional results, which is contrary to long-standing concerns about publication biases. Using peer-reviewed data from 49 journals in the life and physical sciences, a new University of Michigan study found that evaluators are not biased against novelty, as scholars have suggested for decades.
New activity trackers for dolphin conservation
Experiments with custom-made biologging devices offer new insight into dolphin swimming and energy requirements Study: Tag-based estimates of bottlenose dolphin swimming behavior and energetics. (DOI: 10.1242/jeb. Just like a smartwatch can tell its wearer how many calories they consume during exercise, data from dolphin wearables can now be used to estimate how much energy dolphins use when they swim.
Experiments with custom-made biologging devices offer new insight into dolphin swimming and energy requirements Study: Tag-based estimates of bottlenose dolphin swimming behavior and energetics. (DOI: 10.1242/jeb. Just like a smartwatch can tell its wearer how many calories they consume during exercise, data from dolphin wearables can now be used to estimate how much energy dolphins use when they swim.
Studies on diseases that affect the human brain are usually based on animal models which cannot reproduce the complexity of human neuropathies. Therefore, these methodologies often fail when applied in a clinical environment with patients. In this context, the findings of the cellular reprogramming techniques to generate cultures of human neurons using skin cells have revolutionised the study and development of innovative therapies in neurosciences.
New tool can assist with identifying carbohydrate-binding proteins
Groundbreaking research can help alleviate the challenges affiliated with studying carbohydrates. One of the major obstacles that those conducting research on carbohydrates are constantly working to overcome is the limited array of tools available to decipher the role of sugars. As a workaround, most researchers utilize lectins (sugar-binding proteins) isolated from plants or fungi, but they are large, with weak binding, and they are limited in their specificity and in the scope of sugars that they detect.
Groundbreaking research can help alleviate the challenges affiliated with studying carbohydrates. One of the major obstacles that those conducting research on carbohydrates are constantly working to overcome is the limited array of tools available to decipher the role of sugars. As a workaround, most researchers utilize lectins (sugar-binding proteins) isolated from plants or fungi, but they are large, with weak binding, and they are limited in their specificity and in the scope of sugars that they detect.
New model explaining difficulty in language comprehension
Built on recent advances in machine learning, the model predicts how well individuals will produce and comprehend sentences. Cognitive scientists have long sought to understand what makes some sentences more difficult to comprehend than others. Any account of language comprehension, researchers believe, would benefit from understanding difficulties in comprehension.
Built on recent advances in machine learning, the model predicts how well individuals will produce and comprehend sentences. Cognitive scientists have long sought to understand what makes some sentences more difficult to comprehend than others. Any account of language comprehension, researchers believe, would benefit from understanding difficulties in comprehension.
New sensor uses MRI to detect light deep in the brain
Using this approach, researchers can map how light spreads in opaque environments. Using a specialized MRI sensor, MIT researchers have shown that they can detect light deep within tissues such as the brain. Imaging light in deep tissues is extremely difficult because as light travels into tissue, much of it is either absorbed or scattered.
Using this approach, researchers can map how light spreads in opaque environments. Using a specialized MRI sensor, MIT researchers have shown that they can detect light deep within tissues such as the brain. Imaging light in deep tissues is extremely difficult because as light travels into tissue, much of it is either absorbed or scattered.
The high mortality in the early stages of life is a common phenomenon in fish and other species, but it is little studied due to its complexity. A study by the University of Barcelona and the Centre for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB-CSIC) has analysed whether this mortality in the sharpsnout seabream ( Diplodus puntazzo ), a species of the Mediterranean with an important commercial interest, occurs by chance or whether it is genetically determined.
This is your brain. This is your brain on code
MIT researchers are discovering which parts of the brain are engaged when a person evaluates a computer program. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), which measures changes in blood flow throughout the brain, has been used over the past couple of decades for a variety of applications, including "functional anatomy" - a way of determining which brain areas are switched on when a person carries out a particular task.
MIT researchers are discovering which parts of the brain are engaged when a person evaluates a computer program. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), which measures changes in blood flow throughout the brain, has been used over the past couple of decades for a variety of applications, including "functional anatomy" - a way of determining which brain areas are switched on when a person carries out a particular task.
MIT’s top research stories of 2022
Popular stories this year covered the detection of radio signals from space, a new battery design, immigrants' entrepreneurial activity, and more. The dizzying pace of research and innovation at MIT can make it hard to keep up. To mark the end of the year, is looking back at 10 of the research stories that generated the most excitement in 2022.
Popular stories this year covered the detection of radio signals from space, a new battery design, immigrants' entrepreneurial activity, and more. The dizzying pace of research and innovation at MIT can make it hard to keep up. To mark the end of the year, is looking back at 10 of the research stories that generated the most excitement in 2022.
The Coronagraph Instrument on NASA's Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope will study planets around other stars. Putting it together will require a highly choreographed dance. Scientists have discovered more than 5,000 exoplanets, or planets outside our solar system. As technologies for studying these worlds continue to advance, researchers may someday be able to search for signs of life on exoplanets that are similar in size, composition, and temperature to Earth.
Should we tax robots?
Study suggests a robot levy - but only a modest one - could help combat the effects of automation on income inequality in the U.S. What if the U.S. placed a tax on robots? The concept has been publicly discussed by policy analysts, scholars, and Bill Gates (who favors the notion).
Study suggests a robot levy - but only a modest one - could help combat the effects of automation on income inequality in the U.S. What if the U.S. placed a tax on robots? The concept has been publicly discussed by policy analysts, scholars, and Bill Gates (who favors the notion).
Every year, about a third of all food produced in the world —about 1.3 billion tonnes— is wasted in consumers' homes and retail businesses, according to the United Nations (UN). The food sector also accounts for around 30% of the world's total energy consumption and 22% of greenhouse gas emissions.
Nearshore coral communities are vanishing, research indicates
The presence and diversity of nearshore corals in the Florida Keys has decreased dramatically throughout the past 30 years, and the colorful fans and sponges that used to inhabit these shallow waters are likely disappearing because of the deteriorating water quality around the islands, new research from the University of Miami indicates.
The presence and diversity of nearshore corals in the Florida Keys has decreased dramatically throughout the past 30 years, and the colorful fans and sponges that used to inhabit these shallow waters are likely disappearing because of the deteriorating water quality around the islands, new research from the University of Miami indicates.
See no evil: People find good in villains
Study: What makes Voldemort tick? Children's and adults' reasoning about the nature of villains Whether it's on television or in a movie, we love the villain. No matter how egotistical, power hungry or greedy the person is, many of us are still attracted to their dark side-in part because we suspect some may have a redeeming quality.
Study: What makes Voldemort tick? Children's and adults' reasoning about the nature of villains Whether it's on television or in a movie, we love the villain. No matter how egotistical, power hungry or greedy the person is, many of us are still attracted to their dark side-in part because we suspect some may have a redeeming quality.
The Donnan Potential, Revealed at Last
The Donnan electric potential arises from an imbalance of charges at the interface of a charged membrane and a liquid, and for more than a century it has stubbornly eluded direct measurement. Many researchers have even written off such a measurement as impossible. But that era, at last, has ended. With a tool that's conventionally used to probe the chemical composition of materials, scientists at the Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory ÜBerkeley Lab) recently led the first direct measurement of the Donnan potential.
The Donnan electric potential arises from an imbalance of charges at the interface of a charged membrane and a liquid, and for more than a century it has stubbornly eluded direct measurement. Many researchers have even written off such a measurement as impossible. But that era, at last, has ended. With a tool that's conventionally used to probe the chemical composition of materials, scientists at the Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory ÜBerkeley Lab) recently led the first direct measurement of the Donnan potential.
Yale researchers have uncovered a pattern of brain activity that predicts drug and food craving, a potentially valuable biomarker for addiction. Craving is known to be a key factor in substance use disorders and can increase the likelihood of future drug use or relapse. Yet its neural basis - or, how the brain gives rise to craving - is not well understood.
Yale researchers have uncovered a pattern of brain activity that predicts drug and food craving, a potentially valuable biomarker for addiction. Craving is known to be a key factor in substance use disorders and can increase the likelihood of future drug use or relapse. Yet its neural basis - or, how the brain gives rise to craving - is not well understood.
Based partly on data from generations of NASA missions, including NASA's Voyager and Cassini, the work could help scientists determine how to predict weather on Jupiter. Scientists have completed the longest-ever study tracking temperatures in Jupiter's upper troposphere, the layer of the atmosphere where the giant planet's weather occurs and where its signature colorful striped clouds form.
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News from the Lab is a selection of science news that are significant or interesting for a broad readership.
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